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BOMBAY IMAGINED

An Illustratred History of the Unbuilt City by Robert Stephens; stories of 200 unrealised projects. 

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Overview

Beginning in 1670, Bombay Imagined: An Illustrated History of the Unbuilt City tells the story of 200 unrealised urban visions — aspirations of an evolved metropolis boasting everything from humane housing and expanded parks to sanitation systems and more. Ideas that never saw the light of the day are richly illustrated with archival drawings, contemporary speculations and artistic overlays, illuminating long-lost futures from the city’s never-before-seen past.   

Bombay Imagined is a testimony to the audacious dreams of city-lovers, a chronicle of untold narratives across centuries and an insight into the tides that have shaped present-day Mumbai.

Backstory

Since his move to Mumbai in 2007, Robert Stephens has cultivated a passion for rare and second-hand books with a focus on the city. What began as a meandering journey through archival texts to quench an innate curiosity transformed in 2014 when he opened the Professional Papers on Indian Engineering, published in 1869. Sandwiched between countless projects from the 19th century, Arthur Crawford's grand (albeit unrealised) plan for a 400-acre park at Mahalaxmi transcended the mundane aspirations of his contemporaries, despite being relegated to the pages of history for more than 150 years. The unexpected discovery ignited a seven-year-long exploration, leading Robert to scour nearly five dozen archives, libraries and studios around the world in search of radical ideas for Mumbai that never came to fruition.   

Advance Praise

“Since Bombay's very inception, its diverse inhabitants have been united in a singular belief: that the place could do with a little improvement. In his painstakingly researched, engagingly presented Bombay Imagined, Robert Stephens excavates visions of the City Unrealised. This is more than just a prospectus of plans and projects that failed to reach fruition (in some cases, thankfully so). It is also a loving tribute to the eccentrics and altruists, hucksters and geniuses who have called Bombay home. I read and re-read it with awe and enjoyment.”  


- Naresh Fernandes, author of City Adrift: A Short Biography of Bombay 

 

“Sit back with Bombay Imagined: An Illustrated History of the Unbuilt City, and time-travel through its spotlight on 200 unrealised plans and dreams to many Bombays — parallel, phantom cities and histories — that just might have been! It tells a great story of ideas on reclamation, housing, sanitation, reuse, architecture and more, that have championed an almost impossible city for the last 350 years. With painstaking, original research animated with archival images and digital artwork or ‘speculations’, Bombay Imagined is thoughtfully, creatively constructed, accessible and exciting. Written with brevity, humour, even fun, it left me amused, amazed and inspired. Trust me, this is a Bombay book for everyone!”


-Alisha Sadikot, founder of The Inheritage Project 

Preview

About The Book

How Can You Help?

Your pre-order for Bombay Imagined will help preserve Mumbai’s unbuilt past, and share Robert Stephens’ unique storytelling along with over 350 images with the world. While we have already invested heavily in the book’s development, your support will aid production costs and bring to life-form this seven-year-long effort. 

The Goal

Your pre-orders will cover approximately 75% of the printing costs for the first edition. Signed copies and premium items will help to cover the remaining production costs, reimburse expenses incurred in the design stages of the book and Robert's research.

Project Schedule

January 2022: Pre-orders start. 

February 2022: Offset printing commences in Mumbai.  

March 2022: Local and global shipping of books*

*Customs may apply for orders shipped outside of India.

 

Researched and written by Robert Stephens (native of South Carolina, and Mumbai resident and practising architect since 2007), Bombay Imagined was conceived in the meditative depths of the Mumbai local train in 2013 and matured through various lockdowns during the global coronavirus pandemic. 

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About the Book

Archival Material

Nearly two dozen institutions, foundations and libraries from around the world have opened the physical and digital doors of their collections, sharing rare, often never-before-published material.  

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Selected images are reproduced from the Urbs Indis Library, Robert Stephens’ personal collection of second-hand books on Mumbai, sourced from local vendors dotting the footpaths around the city’s Flora Fountain locale and numerous booksellers globally.

 

Thirty-one studios from around the globe have contributed content, including Abraham John Architects, Apostrophe A+uD, Architect Hafeez Contractor, Bandra Collective, DCOOP, Foster + Partners, Ganti & Associates, Heatherwick Studio, HKS, IMK Architects, Jakob + MacFarlane, Mad(e) in Mumbai, MO-OF, Nieto Sobejano Arquitectos, OMA, Pheroze Kudianvala, PK Das & Associates, Ratan J Batliboi Consultants, RMA Architects, Salil Ranadivé Architects, Sameep Padora & Associates, SNK Consultants, Sound Space Design, Steven Holl Architects, Studio MADe, Studio PKA, StudioPOD, Tiarstudio, TOWNLAND, Vikas Dilawari Architects and Zaha Hadid Architects.  

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Speculations

Drawing heavily on historical data, speculations are contemporary artworks that lend graphic form to ideas and proposals that were either never visualised or for which content has not survived. The creative works of Aniket Umaria (Mumbai), Akhil Alukkaran (Calicut), Yannis Efstathiou (Berlin) and Lambros Papathanasiou (Athens) breathe visual life into 30 unrealised projects for the first time ever. 

Overlays

Eighteen unrealised projects feature overlays by Fauwaz Khan (Mumbai), propositions drawn to scale over original archival material. The base images for selected overlays feature Robert Stephens' aerial photographs of Mumbai, captured over the last decade and taken from 5,000 to 10,000 feet above sea level. 

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Creative Writing

Each unrealised proposition is described with concise, creative and, at times, playful prose. Historical sources are paired in tandem with the description for each scheme, lighting the path to a more in-depth exploration for the inspired or curious.  

Book Design

All 200 proposals are chronologically arranged and graphically tagged — using colours from Le Corbusier's Architectural Polychromy — according to the functions (typologies) represented within each scheme. Sixteen typologies and 25 sub-typologies create the possibility of 41 function-specific micro-narratives, akin to 41 books within the book.       

Cartography

Extensively researched and skillfully crafted relief maps accompany and locate each unrealised project within the city's greater geographic context. When viewed in kinetic succession (like a flip book) these three-dimensional extrusions of the city's form present Mumbai's transformation from seven islands to its modern-day form. Tabs identifying the location of each project allow for the possibility of geography-specific readings, creating 45 (more) micro-narratives, 45 (more) books within the book.  

Production Details

Bombay Imagined is designed specifically for Mumbai's formidable environment. A grey cloth-wrapped cover presents a forgiving façade in the face of the city’s atmospheric grit and grime. The title is debossed, an impression whose depth is revealed in the presence of light, much like the projects within. 

About the Author
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7.5” x 11” (Landscape)  I  460 pages  I  2.2 kilograms  I  30 Speculations   I  18 Overlays  I   309 Archival Images  I  20 Relief Maps  I  Hardcover  

 

First Edition 1,500 prints.

 

The Team

 

Robert Stephens I Research and Writing

After completing his Bachelor of Architecture degree from Virginia Tech in 2007, Robert Stephens left his childhood hometown of Summerville, South Carolina, and moved to Mumbai, India. In 2016, he founded Urbs Indis, a studio that narrates lesser-known civic histories through the juxtaposition of archival material with contemporary aerial photographs of urban India. His work has been exhibited in Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chennai and Edinburgh, and has appeared in publications such as The Guardian, DOMUS India and Scroll. He currently lives in Mumbai with his wife and son.  

Fauwaz Khan I Project Management and Overlays 

Fauwaz Khan is a practising architect with a strong interest in history. He is currently working at the urban and rural scale in and around Mumbai. Fauwaz graduated in 2019 from Balwant Sheth School of Architecture, Mumbai.   

Studio Anugraha I Book Design

Deshna Mehta is the co-founder of Studio Anugraha, a Mumbai-based design firm established in 2012. She studied Applied Art at the Sir JJ School of Applied Art, Mumbai, Graphic Design at the London College of Communication and Visual Communication at the Royal College of Art, London. Her design mentor is Michael Wolff, founder of Wolff Ollins.  

Carol Nair, a Mumbai-based visual artist, joined Studio Anugraha in 2013. Her primary interests are in the fields of book design, illustration, visual identities, exhibition catalogues and information design. She studied Applied Art at Sophia Polytechnic, Mumbai. 

Aniket Umaria I Speculation Art

After beginning his career creating 3D assets for mobile games, Aniket Umaria transitioned to the field of architectural renderings. He worked with Sameep Padora & Associates for four and a half years before commencing his own Mumbai-based visualisation studio in 2019.   

GRAU Visuals I Speculation Art

Since 2015 GRAU Visuals has been creating imagery for unique projects in the fields of architecture and art. Based out of Berlin and Athens, Yannis Efstathiou and Lambros Papathanasiou seek modern means of expression that engage with contemporary questions. 

Akhil Alukkaran I Speculation Art

Originally from Wayanad, Kerala, Akhil Alukkaran is an architect and computer graphics artist. He studied at Avani Institute of Design, Kerala, and is currently working with Stapati in Calicut. Since 2019, Akhil has been collaborating with various architects and artists to tell intriguing stories. 

Kshitij Mahashabde I Cartography   

Kshitij Mahashabde is a Pune-based architect, photographer and cartographer. His interests are centered on visual aesthetics, maps and various other forms of spatial representations. Kshitij studied at Balwant Sheth School of Architecture in Mumbai, followed by an internship at Cityfoerster: Architecture & Urbanism in Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Rimshi Agrawal I Relief Map Research 

After completing her undergraduate degree from Balwant Sheth School of Architecture, Rimshi Agrawal worked with Architecture Foundation in Mumbai, the research wing of RMA Architects. She is currently practising with the same firm.  

Khorshed Deboo I Copy Editing

Khorshed Deboo is an independent writer and text editor based in Mumbai with an interest in art, history and culture. Her writing has appeared in publications such as The Caravan, Himal Southasian, The Hindu and Scroll among others. As text editor, she has worked with organisations such as DOMUS India, Charles Correa Foundation and RMA Architects.  

Kate Chaillat I Copy Editing

Kate Chaillat is a graduate of English language and literature from the University of St. Andrews, Scotland. She moved to India in 2012 and works on film and multimedia projects with both Indian and foreign crews.

Tina Nandi I Communications

Tina Nandi is a Mumbai-based photographer with a strong interest in graphic design, illustration and printmaking. In 2018, she co-founded Love Your Parks Association, an organisation that advocates for the creative use of public open spaces in India.

 

Thank you for your support! We would love to hear from you with comments, questions or feedback at robert@urbsindis.com

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